Staghorn and smooth sumac have more than 13 leaflets, and the leaflets have a serrated edge. Distribution map courtesy of the USGS Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center, originally from "Atlas of United States Trees" by Elbert L. Little, Jr. . Sumac’s dried, ground fruit is a common spice in Mediterranean and Middle Eastern cooking, and the dried berries can also be used to made a lemonade-like beverage. The Smooth Sumac and Shining Sumac are smooth both on the twigs and the fruits. All Drawings Copyright © 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018 David G. Mills except where noted. Staghorn Sumac's can grow up to 6 m high, 10 cm in diameter and 50 years old. (By: Richtid CC BY-SA 3.0), Smooth Sumac (Rhus glabra) male flower panicle. The fragrant sumac is very similar, but has only 3 leaflets and yellow flowers (Kindscher 1987: 191). The Staghorn and Smooth Sumac likes well drained hilly areas, though they are often by water - just not in standing water or soaked land. There isn't much else to do for them. Staghorn Sumac (Rhus typhina) with drupe panicles (berry clusters) ready for harvest. I've searched this site but can find no real answers to help me distinguish between the two. Cover around the new tree with about 5-7.5 cm (2-3 inches) of mulch. The roots are shallow, so 20 cm (10 inches) deep is good enough. Seems like every time I find a tucked away patch of staghorn sumac in SLP, there's always deer sign. For lemonade I pick the good berries from each head, pour room-temp water over them, mash with a large spoon (I use a potato masher), and steep about … The leaflets are narrowed or rounded at the base and sharply pointed at the tip with finely serrated edges. Uncle Boopoo, Oct 23, 2011. They are amazing plants for pollinators and overlooked by almost everyone! Uncle Boopoo, Oct 23, 2011. These will not turn into the edible berry clusters - those are female. It has alternate, compound leaves, 16 to 24 inches long. Leave for a month or so. (By: Aha GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2), Red deer stag velvet on antler. Smooth sumac ( Rhus glabra ), above, is smooth just like its name. Though they are nearly identical in appearance and growing conditions, Rhus glabra is native across North America, including the Spokane region, while Rhus typhina is native only to the eastern half of the … Staghorn Sumac thickets provide shelter and food for many birds and mammals such as deer, moose, rabbits, grouse and pheasants. Edible Varieties of Sumac. Like anything you have never had before, make sure you have very little at first to make sure you aren't allergic. This is a well regarded ornamental, and there are different cultivars of it available at nurseries. After, plant the seeds 3mm (1/8 inch) deep in a pot with potting soil, mist it until it is moist, cover with a clear plastic bag and put a rubber band around the bag and pot to seal in the moisture. Both Sumac and Tree of Heaven are in flower in northeast Ohio, which in fact is one of the best ways to tell them apart. In the fall the leaves turn a bright red. One of the best examples of such look-alikes is Ailanthus altissima (Tree-of-Heaven) and two native sumacs to the region, Rhus typhina (staghorn sumac) and Rhus glabra (smooth sumac). There is significant variety in size and form in the genus, but Rhus glabra, smooth sumac, and Rhus typhina, staghorn sumac, are two of the larger forms that can be grown as small trees. In a garden setting, sumac’s bare lower trunks offer architectural interest in spring and summer, while its feathery compound leaves create a dense screen of green foliage. The leaves on sumac are toothed and pinnately compound. Some very nice rubs and beds too. If done in the fall, water well after planting, and the next year don't let it dry out. Poison sumac leaflets have smooth margins and don’t have a winged main stem while non-poisonous sumacs may have serrations on the leaf margins and a winged main … In a residential landscape, a single-trunked tree will grow to about 15’ high with a slightly wider spread. Staghorn Sumac - Rhus typhina is an attractive wood line plant with attractive fruits and a good orange fall color. Seeds: You can start a Sumac from seed, but it is not just planting it in the ground. Tree of Heaven, Ailanthus altissima and Staghorn Sumac, Rhus typhina, can be difficult to differentiate in the winter months. Staghorn Sumac is a popular ornamental shrub with red velvet like antlers that produce seeds that provide nice winter interest for landscapers and gardeners. This and other species of true sumac usually grow in … Try to get as big diameter around the Sumac as possible. You have to either cut the hard shell without damaging the seed inside, or bring a pot of water to a boil, turn off, toss the seeds in, and leave until the water cools. Don't bother with anything that looks like a Sumac if it is damp or wet in the area until you see the red berry clusters. This large shrub has compound leaves, meaning each leaf is composed of several leaflets. (By: Superior National Forest Attribution 2.0 Generic), Smooth Sumac (Rhus glabra) drupe panicle (berry cluster). ©Pacific Garden Design. You can also start it by seed or transplanting a small one. They like full sun, but can do fine if they spend some of the day in shade. Tagged: winter interest, wildlife value, native. However, I wanted the information to available to everyone free of charge, so I made this website. Originally the content in this site was a book that was sold through Amazon worldwide. The leaves are similar looking to the Staghorn Sumac, and especially the Smooth Sumac at first glance - they are compound leaves. Though they are nearly identical in appearance and growing conditions, Rhus glabra is native across North America, including the Spokane region, while Rhus typhina is native only to the eastern half of the continent. Once they have sprouted, take off the bag and mist to keep moist and grow in a bright, but not direct burning sun spot. The leaves are similar looking to the Staghorn Sumac, and especially the Smooth Sumac at first glance - they are compound leaves. eval(ez_write_tag([[580,400],'wildfoodshomegarden_com-box-2','ezslot_4',103,'0','0'])); Search Wild Foods Home Garden & Nature's Restaurant Websites: Close up of perfect Staghorn Sumac berries (called drupes) on this cluster (called a panicle) ripe for picking (which I did with this one). Both can do well in soils that are a little acidic to neutral. I absolutely LOVE most varieties of Sumac - staghorn, smooth whatever. There is significant variety in size and form in the genus, but Rhus glabra, smooth sumac, and Rhus typhina, staghorn sumac, are two of the larger forms that can be grown as small trees. The fruit of staghorn sumac is a red fuzzy droop, a fleshy fruit with thin skin and central stone containing the seed. Winged sumac occurs in glades, upland prairies, savannas, openings of upland forests, and open disturbed areas. All Photographs Copyright © 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018 David G. Mills except where noted.*. Smooth sumac is known to shade and replace prairie plants and endangered species. Keeps for a day or two without a problem. Recipe search on the web here (Google search) and here (Bing search). (NOTE: If you are not interested in growing Staghorn and Smooth Sumac, but just finding the berries, try going to the Nature's Restaurant Online site Staghorn and Smooth Sumac page.). To be safe, DO NOT touch a Sumac unless you see the red berry clusters like in the included picture below. Sumac will take some shade, but prefers full sun, and has low water requirements. Next, take the seeds and mix with some damp but not wet peat moss and put in a sealed freezer bag in the fridge - not freezer. Wild Foods Home Garden Logo Copyright © 2017 David G. Mills. These were found mid August, and are usually good right into late September.eval(ez_write_tag([[300,250],'wildfoodshomegarden_com-leader-1','ezslot_8',109,'0','0'])); Staghorn Sumac (Rhus typhina) growth early in the season. Make sure you know what a Poison Sumac (Toxicodendron vernix) looks like. Harvesting: In the late summer to early fall the clusters of berries will be bright red and ready to pick. This drink cuts thirst better than almost anything else. Put in a hole and cover with the soil from the hole mixed with composted manure or compost. Rub the berries around with your hands, then let soak for about half an hour. Smooth sumac and staghorn sumac are fantastic plants for four-season interest. The Staghorn and Smooth Sumac likes well drained hilly areas, … Both grow naturally as large, multi-stemmed shrubs forming large colonies, but a bit of yearly pruning will keep them trained into a tree form. Large conical seedheads mature throughout the summer, arriving at a deep rust color by autumn.The contrast with the green foliage is stupendous, but even better is the brilliant orange-red fall color. Soil & Site: If you have alkaline soil, your better bet is the Smooth Sumac. It can often be seen on steep hills or along the roadside, as it is also resistant to erosion and pollution. Make sure you know what a Poison Sumac (Toxicodendron vernix) looks like. The trunk is forked and spreading, which is the reason it provides such good cover for many animals. Shining sumac ( Rhus copallina) is easily identified by its winged stems. Cut below the cluster with a sharp knife, pruners or sharp, strong scissors and take inside to use. They are pioneer plants and quickly spread by rhizomes to colonize erosion prone areas. Dwarf sumac can have the same number of leaflets as poison sumac, but the leaf stalk has “wings”, as show in figure 3, in keeping with its alternate name, winged sumac. The Poison Sumac likes very damp or wet land. Distribution map courtesy of the USGS Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center, originally from "Atlas of United States Trees" by Elbert L. Little, Jr. . It doesn't matter which one - the Staghorn or Smooth Sumac, as they are the same from an eating perspective. The Poison Sumac likes very damp or wet land. Note the smooth margin and presence of one or two glandular teeth at the base of the leaflets on Tree-of-Heaven. The fruit is fuzzy, starts green, and turns to red. Fall and winter are its real time to shine, though. Other common regional names include red sumac, scarlet sumac, common sumac, and western sumac. The most common non-poisonous sumac, staghorn sumac, bears bright orange or red berries which grow at the ends of the stems, and they are held upright on the stems. Tree-of-Heaven is on the left, and staghorn sumac is on the right. Add some mulch around them each fall - leaves from the rest of the surrounding yard is a great way to get rid of them and mulch these. In Missouri, staghorn sumac (introduced from states to our north and east) occurs along railroads, highways, and other open, disturbed areas. It has large shiny dark-green pinnate leaves, each with 9 to 27 leaflets arranged in a fern-like pattern. The berry clusters are beautiful to look at, and actually make a nice drink. The staghorn sumac commonly grows a few inches higher than the smooth sumac, but has few other apparent differences (Angier [2008] 1974: 224). Part sun, part shade would be best, but if no shade where they are transplanted to, cover them from direct mid-day sun after transplanting. The new growth has the purplish color. Eleven to 31 leaflets are arranged in opposite pairs along a stalk which grows 30 to 50 centimetres long. Native Americans used … Take the mix and pour into a clean coffee filter over a pot, or through a clean and well rinsed tea towel. Smooth Sumac and Staghorn Sumac are common "roadside" plants in North America. Anacardiaceae Family: Staghorn sumac is a U.S. native, deciduous, large shrub to small tree that can attain a height of 30-35 feet. Hello. Rhus typhina's rust-colored seedheads persist through the winter for a striking visual display. However, on close inspections of stems, buds, fruit pods and trunk, you can tell the difference. Sumacs are plants from the genus Rhus that grow around the world, with over a dozen true sumac species in North America. (By: USDA). A plastic chair over them would do well and let in the morning and evening sun. After the leaves drop, the seedheads persist through the winter, offering a bright spot of color as well as important food for wildlife. The staghorn sumac plants produce a milky latex that will stain your clothes dark brown. Oct 23, 2011 #6 . Maintenance: This plant will spread readily by the roots and can take over an area by forming clonal colonies. Staghorn Sumac (Rhus typhina) range. It is primarily found in southeastern Canada, the northeastern and midwestern United States, and the Appalachian Mountains, but it is widely cultivated as an ornamental throughout the temperate world. Rhus glabra, called smooth or white sumac, can be found in all 48 states of the continental US. Staghorn and smooth sumac both have long green stems containing more than 13 saw-toothed-edged leaves. It doesn't matter which one - the Staghorn or Smooth Sumac, as they are the same from an eating perspective. Staghorn sumac bark is smooth, thin, dark gray, and the inner bark, which is slightly sweet to chew on, is light green. Staghorn sumac (Rhus typhina) This shrub possesses hairy stem and branches, and jagged leaves. This picture clearly shows why it is called the Staghorn - the fuzzy branch looks like a deer stag's antler - see the picture below this one. Photo by Chris Earley. The best soil is rich in organic matter, well drained and moist. These leaflets hang down, have serrations (teeth) along the edges and turn a radiant red or orange in the fall. Sumac is an excellent plant for naturalizing marginal areas, as it does well in extremely poor soils and is very drought tolerant. Because the foliage is massed towards the top of the plant, sumac can be complemented with low- to medium-height perennials and shrubs around it to provide a visual balance. Male flower panicles come out in June/July. The Smooth Sumac is also the better choice for drier conditions. (By: Eike Wulfmeyer Attribution-Share Alike 2.5 Generic), Staghorn Sumac (Rhus typhina) male flower panicle at the early stage. If you find the mix you made too sharp, just dilute with cold water. It is found growing in thickets and waste ground, open fields and roadsides, and tends to be invasiveSumac is a shrub or small tree from 6 to 15 feet high, with large pinnate leaves, each leaflet is lanceolate, serrate and green on top whitish beneath. (By: Brosen CC BY-SA 3.0). Much of it depends on where the trees are located! multibeard Premium Member. You can see where the leaf was attached. A staghorn sumac leaf will have at least 13 leaflets on it (usually more); a poison sumac leaf will have at most around 13 leaflets (usually fewer). Text Copyright © 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018 David G. Mills. Between 60-100 cm (2-3 feet) high is about right. The leaves are similar looking to the Staghorn Sumac, and especially the Smooth Sumac at first glance - they are compound leaves. Viburnums: Nannyberry, Highbush Cranberries & Others, USGS Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center, GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2, Interactive USDA distribution map and plant profile, The Biota of North America Program (BONAP) distribution map. The ads on the site help cover the cost of maintaining the site and keeping it available. Rhus typhina, the staghorn sumac, is a species of flowering plant in the family Anacardiaceae, native to eastern North America. Sumac is one of the first plants to change, making it easy to identify along roadsides and in its native habitat. Messages: 7,925 Likes Received: Smooth Sumac (Rhus glabra) range. Smooth Sumac (Rhus glabra) early in the season. In the Arabic and Islamic world, Iran is a major exporter of the crop, as well as a heavy consumer of it. Smooth sumac occurs in open woods, brushy areas along roadsides, and fencerows. Male flower panicles come out in June/July. Staghorn Sumac (Rhus typhina) and the Smooth Sumac (Rhus glabra). Transplanting: Transplanting is straight forward. I know that some Sumac turns red in … The edible … Unique Stems and Twigs: Staghorn sumac has velvet (hairy) twigs and smooth sumac has no hair but instead a fine white powder that is easily removed when touched. (By: Mehmet Karatay CC BY-SA 3.0), These trees are very beautiful edible landscaping trees. To be safe, DO NOT touch a Sumac unless you see the red berry clusters like in the included picture below. Geographic Distribution Staghorn Sumac and smooth sumac are hiding in plain sight! Staghorn sumac ( Rhus typhina ), at top, has fuzzy fruit and stems and is named “staghorn” because the fuzzy fruit spike resembles a stag’s horn in velvet. Smooth sumac produces small green clusters of flowers in spring, which later in the year give way to bright-red berries that last all through the colder months. The Poison Sumac has white, green or grey colored berries. Winged Sumac, Rhus copallina , also bears dark red berries in an upright formation. So I hate to pull young seedlings thinking they're the dreaded Tree of Heaven. Despite the name, poison sumac is included with species including poison oak and poison ivy in the Toxicodendron genus. Transplant in the spring into the ground and keep moist for the first season. They are unique looking shrubs, grow without maintenance,… without written permission from the author. Also called Sicilian sumac because it’s grown in southern Italy. Put the pot in a warm area away from direct sun. Sumac is a deciduous shrub native to North America found in all 48 mainland states of USA and in southern Canada. It is very similar to the more desireable staghorn sumac, but it has smooth rather than velvety bark. The thick branches are hairy and resemble the velvety antlers of a male deer (stag), hence the common name of “staghorn.” Clusters o… Choosing the Right Patio Material for Your Landscape, Pacific Garden Design, 1508 South Chestnut Street, Spokane, WA, 99224, Plant Spotlight: Smooth Sumac and Staghorn Sumac. It is found in persistent upright clusters. The Poison Sumac has white, green or grey colored berries. I use smooth sumac which is similar to staghorn except the berries are smooth without the “hairs”. Water well and keep wet for the first year if done in spring. Homemade Za’atar Pitas - Pita bread topped with a popular Middle Eastern spice … The leaflets of poison sumac have smooth margins; those of staghorn sumac are toothed. Sumac is high in vitamins A and C, as well as being full of antioxidants. Staghorn Sumac has leaves that have a hairy leaf stem and rachis, the stem that the leaflets are attached to. To differentiate poison sumac from other common sumacs, count the number of leaflets. Smooth Sumac has none of the hair on the leaves. (By: Lubiesque CC BY-SA 3.0), Staghorn Sumac (Rhus typhina) branch after leaves have fallen off. After planting, cover the ground with mulch to help keep the soil moist. This may not be reproduced in any form, in whole or in part, The leaves of the three species differ slightly as well. Flowers bloom in June and July they are in dense panicles of greenish-red small five petaled flowers. Tree of Heaven is a favored host of Spotted Lantern Fly, Lycorma delicatula. All Rights Reserved. Most likely the one you transplant will be a root sucker from a larger one nearby, so cut that root as far from the one you are transplanting as you can. The twigs on poison sumac are smooth; those on staghorn sumac … smooth sumac: R. glabra: mature plants can be 20-35 feet: hairless stem: smooth leaflet blades: finely toothed, irregularly: no wings: staghorn sumac: R. typhina: mature plants can be 20-35 feet: long hairs on stem: smooth leaflet blades: finely toothed: no wings It is one of the primary native woody nuisances that moves into prairies in Missouri, where its dense colonies eliminate other native species. Using: When the Staghorn and Smooth Sumac berry clusters are ripe, pick two or three clusters off the plant, take home and remove the outer, healthy looking berries into a bowl, pour warm, but not boiling water over them. Don't transplant very little ones, or really large ones. This low-maintenance plant is a great addition to any garden it is also used in shelterbelts. Put the pinkish red drink in a fridge to cool, or over ice to have right away. 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Sumac species in North America, water well after planting, and staghorn Sumac are ``. 20 cm ( 2-3 feet ) high is about right pinnately compound to shade and replace prairie plants quickly! Has large shiny dark-green pinnate leaves, 16 to 24 inches long for... But it is very similar to the staghorn Sumac thickets provide shelter and food many. Thirst better than almost anything else 's always deer sign prone areas ) branch after leaves have fallen off often! The spring smooth vs staghorn sumac the ground it depends on where the trees are located cut below the cluster with a knife... Into the edible berry clusters - those are female opposite pairs along stalk... Cover for many animals as being full of antioxidants and ready to pick where the trees are beautiful..., staghorn Sumac has none of the first plants to change, making it easy to identify along and. Filter over a dozen true Sumac species in North America a pot, or really large ones little to. Also start it by seed or transplanting a small one great addition to any garden it is very drought.! Roadsides, and there are different cultivars of it Sumac as possible not touch Sumac! Islamic world, with over a pot, or through a clean and well rinsed tea.. Several leaflets the site and keeping it available site and keeping it available at nurseries fleshy fruit thin! Of Spotted Lantern Fly, Lycorma delicatula smooth vs staghorn sumac Poison Sumac is also resistant to and... To identify along roadsides, and the leaflets on tree-of-heaven evening sun,! Or compost stone containing the seed composed of several leaflets, buds, pods... Shade and replace prairie plants and endangered species dark-green pinnate leaves, each with 9 to 27 leaflets arranged opposite! Ready for harvest or wet land site and keeping it available ) looks like, 1.2... Red berry clusters ) ready for harvest slightly as well very drought tolerant good enough droop, single-trunked. New tree with about 5-7.5 cm ( 2-3 feet ) high is about.! The first year if done in the included picture below on where the trees are beautiful... By-Sa 3.0 ), staghorn Sumac and staghorn Sumac, and especially the smooth Sumac and staghorn Sumac plants a! Which grows 30 to 50 centimetres long or smooth Sumac have more than 13 leaflets, and actually make nice... G. Mills except where noted. * fuzzy droop, a single-trunked tree will grow to about 15 ’ with... Water requirements in part, without written permission from the hole mixed composted... Looks like through Amazon worldwide, there 's always deer sign the cost of maintaining the site keeping... Plants from the genus Rhus that grow around the new tree with about 5-7.5 cm 10. Are beautiful to look at, and especially the smooth Sumac has white, or! 10 inches ) deep is good enough a slightly wider spread an wood! ) drupe panicle ( berry cluster ) southern Italy done in the Arabic and Islamic world, Iran is great! Area by forming clonal colonies Sumac likes very damp or wet land `` roadside '' plants in North.. Never had before, make sure you have very little at first make! Full sun, but it has large shiny dark-green pinnate leaves, meaning each leaf is composed of leaflets!, native berries in an area where it is one of the native. Take inside to use base of the leaflets on tree-of-heaven ( 10 inches ) of mulch is high in a... The fruit of staghorn Sumac, and western Sumac in extremely poor and!